Fredrika Bremer Swedish Feminist Writer

Frederika Bremer (August 17, 1801 - December 31, 1865) was a  novelist, feminist, socialist, and mystic. She wrote in the literary genre called realism or liberalism. Early Life and Writing Fredrika Bremer was born in what was then Swedish Finland to a wealthy family which moved to Sweden when Fredrika was three years old. She was well educated and traveled widely, though her family limited her activities because she was a woman. Fredrika Bremer was, under the laws of her time, unable to make her own decisions about the money that she inherited from her family. The only funds under her own control were what she earned from her writing. She published her first novels anonymously. Her writing earned her a gold medal from the Swedish Academy. Religious Studies In the 1830s Fredrika Bremer studied philosophy and theology under the tutelage of a young Christianstad minister, Boeklin. She developed into both a sort of Christian mystic and, on earthly matters, a Christian socialist. Their relationship was interrupted when Boeklin proposed marriage. Bremer removed herself from direct contact with him for fifteen years, communicating only through letters. Travel to the United States In 1849-51, Fredrika Bremer traveled to the United States to study culture and the position of women. She found herself trying to understand the issues around slavery and developed an anti-slavery position. On this trip, Fredrika Bremer met and became acquainted with such American writers as Catharine Sedgwick, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Washington Irving, James Russell Lowell, and Nathaniel Hawthorne. She met with Native Americans, slaveowners, slaves, Quakers, Shakers, prostitutes. She became the first woman to observe the US Congress in session, from the public gallery of the Capitol. After her return to Sweden, she published her impressions in the form of letters. International and Democratic Reforms In the 1850s, Bremer became involved in an international peace movement, and in pressing for civic democracy at home. Later, Fredrika Bremer traveled to Europe and the Middle East for five years, once again writing her impressions, this time publishing it as a diary in six volumes.  Her travel books are important depictions of human culture at that particular point in history. Reform of Womens Status Through Fiction With Hertha, Fredrika Bremer quite consciously risked her popularity, with her depiction of a woman freed of traditional female role expectations. This novel is credited with helping influence parliament to make some legal reforms in womens status. Swedens largest womens organization adopted the name Hertha in honor of Bremers novel. With Hertha, Fredrika Bremer quite consciously risked her popularity, with her depiction of a woman freed of traditional female role expectations. This novel is credited with helping influence parliament to make some legal reforms in womens status. Swedens largest womens organization adopted the name Hertha in honor of Bremers novel. Key Works of Fredrika Bremer: 1829 - The H Family (Familjen H, published in English as The Colonels Family in 1995)1824 - The Presidents Daughters1839 - The Home (Hemmet)1842 - The Neighbors (Grannarna)1853 - Homes in the New World (Hemen I den nya verlden)1856 - Hertha, or, The Story of a Soul1858 - Father and Daughter (Fader och dotter)

The Transatlantic Slave Trade And The United States

My ancestors, along with many other African Americans living in society today are decedents of African slaves. I can remember as far back as age 5 listening to the elders in my family talk about slavery. The word slavery originated when millions of African men and women were forcible taken from their families and the familiar surroundings of their African villages. Brought here to an unfamiliar environment and forced to work on plantations in different parts of the United States, usually from sun up to sun down. the transatlantic slave trade formally began in 1518, when King Charles I of Spain sanctioned the direct importation of Africans to his colonies in the America. The transatlantic slave trade became a lucrative international†¦show more content†¦Whippings, executions, beatings, and rape. all of these were common humiliations suffered by slaves. In reality, treatment of slaves ranged from mild to cruel and sadistic. Under slavery, slave-owners, controlled, and sold ent ire families of slaves. Slave owners might decide to sell families or family members for profit, as punishment, or to pay debts. Slave-owners also gave slaves away to grown children or other family members as wedding gifts. Slave children were considered ready to work and leave home once they were 12-14 years old. Darker-skinned slaves worked in the fields, while lighter-skinned slaves worked as house servants and had better clothing, food, and housing. Slaves were forbidding from reading or writing so they adopted a strong oral tradition of expression through songs, prayers, music, and story-telling. This allowed many slaves to feel a sense of cultural connection the home of their origin. this provided them a way of educate the younger generation on the customs, cultures and traditions. Growing up in a multigenerational household that included extended family members I learned how important that family/kinship bond is in providing moral and psychological support to a child. Although, they were captured and forcibly brought to America as slaves that did not prevent my ancestors from holding on to the religious practices that were common in their homeland. The musical rhythms, drumming, shouting,

Business Law of Directing Mind and Will †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Business Law of Directing Mind and Will. Answer: Directing mind and will According to the corporations law, when a particular person is related with the company, the conduct of such person can be considered as the conduct of the company if the person can be conceded as the directing mind and will of the corporation. After considering the facts of each case, it can be concluded that the person is the directing mind and will of the corporation (Hansmann, Kraakman and Squire, 2006). Hence, it cannot be inferred only due to the fact that a particular person is acting as the director of the corporation, data person is the directing mind and will of such company. The principle of directing mind and will has been incorporated in the Australian corporations law. In such cases, it can be considered that natural person is an embodiment of the company. This has been followed by the High Court in a number of cases where it has adopted the reasoning of Lord Reid that was applied by the court in Tesco Supermarkets Ltd. v Nattras (1971). Under the circumstances, it is c lear that a person acting at a senior position in the corporation can be described as the directing mind and will commence a person has the authority to perform as directed and in the interests of the corporation, the authority has been conferred on a person by the board of directors. For the purpose of identifying the directing mind and billing case of a particular corporation, it is necessary that the person taking care of the management and control concerning the act in question should be identified (Dewey, 1926). Piercing the corporate veil: A major advantage that is available in case of the entire duration of the company is related with the limited liability of its shareholders. However, in certain circumstances, it is available to the courts to ignore the separate legal identity of the corporation and hold the shareholders or the directors personally liable. Such a case is referred to as pacing the corporate veil or lifting the corporate veil. Generally, this method is used to walk towards the liability of the shareholders regarding the acts of the company (Lederman, 2000). Therefore it can be said that in case of lifting the corporate veil, the courts are allowed by thelaw to ignore the separate legal identity of the corporation. Therefore in such cases, the directors of the shareholders of a particular company can be held personally responsible for the debts and other obligations of the corporation. But at this point it needs to be noted that a strong presumption exists against the piercing the corporate veil. As a r esult, generally the courts are reluctant to pierce the corporate veil. Hence the courts are ready to pierce the corporate veil only where serious misconduct has been, for instance, if there is the abuse of corporate form (Gobert, 1994). In case of piercing the corporate veil, the court arrives at the decision where the rights and duties of the company will be treated as the obligations and rights of its members. Generally, due to the reason that a company is treated as having its own legal identity,, only the company is liable for its debts and obligations. However, there are certain exceptional circumstances where it may be decided by the courts that the principle of separate identity should be loaded and the corporate veil should be lifted. References Gobert, J. (1994) Corporate Criminality: Four Models of Fault, 14 Legal Studies 393 Hansmann, H., Kraakman R and Squire, R., (2006) 'Law and the Rise of the Firm', 119 Harvard Law Review 1333 Lederman, E. (2000) Models for imposing corporate criminal liability: from adaptation and imitation toward aggregation and the search for self-identity, 4 Buffalo Criminal Law Review 641 Dewey, J., (1926) 'The Historic Background of Corporate Legal Personality' 35 Yale Law Journal 655 Tesco Supermarkets Ltd v Nattrass [1971] UKHL 1

The Impact of the Haitian Revolution and the Wider Caribbean free essay sample

The epididymis, a whitish mass of tightly coiled tubes cupped against the testicles, acts as a maturation and storage for sperm before they pass into the  vas deferens, that carry sperm to the ampullary gland and  prostatic ducts. [edit]Vas deferens Main article:  Vas deferens The vas deferens, also known as the sperm duct, is a thin tube approximately 43. 2 centimetres long that starts from the epididymis to the pelvic cavity. [edit]Accessory glands Three accessory glands provide fluids that lubricate the duct system and nourish the sperm cells. They are the seminal vesicles, the prostate gland, and the bulbourethral glands (Cowper glands). [edit]Seminal vesicles Main article:  Seminal vesicle Seminal vesicles are sac-like structures attached to the vas deferens at one side of the bladder. They produce a sticky, yellowish fluid that contains fructose. This fluid provides sperm cells energy and aids in their motility. 70% of the semen is its secretion. We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of the Haitian Revolution and the Wider Caribbean or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page [edit]Prostate gland Main article:  Prostate gland The prostate gland surrounds the ejaculatory ducts at the base of the urethra, just below the bladder. The prostate gland is responsible for the proof semen, a liquid mixture of sperm cells, prostate fluid and seminal fluid. This gland is also responsible for making the semen milky in appearance by mixing calcium to the semen coming from seminal vesicle (semen coming from the seminal vesicle is yellowish in color); the semen remains cloudy and clumpy until the prostatic profibrinolysin is formed into fibrinolysin and lysis of the fibrinogen from the seminal vesicle fluids occurs.

Platos Phaedo Essays - Socratic Dialogues, Dialogues Of Plato

Plato's Phaedo Essays - Socratic Dialogues, Dialogues Of Plato Plato's Phaedo In Plato's Phaedo, Socrates is explaining to his friends that the acquiring knowledge comes from a recollection of things from a previous life. Socrates uses this as a way to comfort his friends. Based on this, according to Socrates, if a human being can learn anything, they must have known something about what it is they are learning about. If a human being has known something without having been taught it (in this life), they must have learned it before their birth. If the soul existed prior to birth it stands to reason that it survives death, and thus Socrates' friends have no cause for grief. This prior knowledge is triggered into consciousness by sensory input. Plato is trying to work beyond a two-fold paradox. Namely, if a human being does not know something, they cannot learn it since they know nothing about it. If, on the other hand, a person knows it, they do not need to learn it. When Crito asks Socrates how he wishes to be buried when he dies, this is a mistake because it shows his lack of understanding. Crito's lack of understanding lies in the fact the he doesn't understand how the soul survives the body at death, and in fact Socrates will still in actuality be alive. By making this mistake, according to Socrates, he Crito is harming the soul. If Crito were in understanding of this, he would not have asked Socrates about burying his body, because Socrates is not merely a body, but rather the body is a casing for the spirit and who he is. Socrates does not take Crito's question seriously because to Socrates the body is not the basis of who he is. To Socrates, the fact that his body is going to die does not mean he will be dead. In fact, his soul will go on, be born in a different body, and go back to learning what the soul seeks to know. Socrates wants Crito to know that he will not be burying him, but instead just his body. Socrates is justified in his response to Crito's question because Crito's question goes against everything that Socrates says and stands for. I think that Socrates is upset with Crito for being so ignorant. He shows this by laughing at Crito for his question. He also shows this by telling the others that Crito only sees him as the body he will be burying, rather that the person talking to them. When it came time for Socrates to drink the poison, Crito again shows his lack of understanding by asking Socrates to wait awhile before taking it. Crito wants Socrates to try and enjoy the last bit of life that he can enjoy. Socrates again puts Crito in his place by saying that any human being would do this, but it is not right for Socrates. Socrates does not want to appear ridiculous for clinging to life when there is none left. Overall Socrates is trying to tell human beings that life is nothing more than an opportunity for the soul to learn what it is in search for. The human body is nothing more than an instrument for the soul to use. A person should not fear or run from death, but rather look at it as a chance for the soul to move on to something else and to another chance to learn more based on what was already learned

The eNotes Blog Charles Dickens GhostHunter

Charles Dickens GhostHunter Victorians were big on clubs.   Gentlemens Clubs.   No, the Brontes were not wearing pasties and stripping to Oh, Mother Take the Wheel Away! These were exclusive gatherings of writers and artists who came together to chill, drink, and probably scratch-and-spit.   No damned scribbling women allowed.   (Such a fun guy, that Hawthorne) . ANYWAY, Charles Dickens was one of those writers who was a high-profile member of a hoity-toity club called The Garrick Club until he got into a fight with William Makepeace Thackery.   Apparently a journalist was talking smack about Thackery, and what he knew could have only been found out through club connections.   (First Rule of Garrick Club:   Dont Talk About Garrick Club.) SO, Dickens says, basically, Screw you, Thackery. Im the biggest star youve got and Im taking my fame elsewhere. Plus, the journalist, Edward Yates, was a very close friend and the godfather of Dickens children. Dickens would eventually join the still-in-existence Arts Club (actress Gwyneth Paltrow is now its Creative Director). But before that, in 1862, Dickens became one of the founding members of The Ghost Club.   Until he joined and brought some legitimacy to the off-beat club, the press was not very complimentary, but his presence gave the organization a modicum of credibility. Its not much of a stretch to say Victorians were obsessed with ghosts.   In 1848, the Spiritualist movement was founded.   Believers postulat[ed] the belief that  spirits  of the dead residing in the  spirit world  have both the ability aspind the inclination to communicate with the living.   After two sisters, Margaret and Kate Fox of Hydesville, New York, reported receiving messages from a spirit haunting their cottage, this movement gained may adherents throughout the English-speaking world. The sà ©ance became a familiar family ritual in the last half of the 19th century. Notable figures such as the British writer Arthur Conan Doyle and the American psychologist William James became involved in psychical research, trying to judge the truthfulness of spiritualists beliefs. Dickens was intrigued and his club sought to try to get to the bottom of these stories.   For the next eight years, the Ghost Club investigated paranormal phenomena.   One of its earliest cases was of a pair of brothers who claimed to have a haunted cabinet and an ability to contact the dead.   The Ghost Club proved the haunting to be a hoax.   After Dickens’ death in 1870, the club activity sputtered, but by 1882, enjoyed a †¦ reincarnation, steadily gaining new members.   In 1911,  W.B. Yeats  became a member, and the club continues to exist today.   Every November 2, the names of deceased former members are read aloud.   And it is said that â€Å"deceased members were believed to have made their presence felt.† WHO YA GONNA CALL?   I wish I could photoshop a picture of Dickens and Yates in Ghostbuster garb

Modern Design Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Modern Design - Assignment Example It is important to explain that during this period, United States was experiencing an element of consumerism. This is whereby the society is characterized by the consumption of products and goods. There was the emergence of the new media and advertisement in this period. This is because companies were seeking to promote their products, just after the Second World War. The use of radio remained as a major method that companies could advertise their products; this is in the 1940s. This was able to promote a luxurious lifestyle, majorly because people could become aware of the emergence of new products that could be used to promote their personal well-being (Raizman, p. 267). By the end of the 1940s, the television emerged as one of the important modes or channels of communication and advertisements. The acquisitions of TV sets began in 1946, and by 1952, more than a third of the citizens of United States were able to own and operate TV sets. Companies that were constantly advertising through the use of the television include Esso, Firestone Tires, and Pan American Airways. These were companies that were promoting luxurious living. Take for example Firestone Tires. This company was promoting tires that could be used in automobiles, and this is an aspect of comfortable living. The development of the FM broadcasting also played a significant role in p romoting comfortable living in America, Italy, Scandinavia and Britain. This is because they were able to promote the products of various companies. This period also saw the emergence of Sunday Magazine, an affiliate of New York Times. This was a major tool that enabled companies to advertise their products. This was specifically in the fashion industry, where fashion companies were seeking to promote the development their new brands. For instance, this type of modernism played a great role in the promotion and rise of American and European designs. For

Math Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 14

Math - Speech or Presentation Example recommended’ puts the public under the impression that the moisturizing lotion must have undergone extensive tests and use by a collective group of skin specialists when no actual number of professionals is stated. On the assumption that people are generally aware that dermatologists constitute a credible skincare authority, the ad necessitates no more of essential statistical details to support the claim. ‘Dermatologist’ is taken to mean a group, especially an adequate number of skincare experts though the ad does not specify whether it is singular or plural so that a critical consumer may ask ‘what if only one dermatologist had the opportunity to test the lotion?’ or if there were several others, ‘why are such facts excluded where at least mentioning a ratio x number out of y number will do?’. So then it appears as if the insufficient information is intended for a strategic marketing to catch the public’s interest toward buying t he product immediately. Explanation: Apparently, the use of double negatives in this case makes the question itself biased in a way that it directs the public to understand that tutoring services are not only meant for students who fail in class. This could result to a range of interpretations where some may readily be swayed to consider that it is important for being an ‘extra’ rather than a ‘mandatory’ task so that because of this loose sense of obligation, people take chances of closing agreement to that option. On another occasion, the query may not be a good measure of obtaining reliable survey outcomes since its statement is more imperative than interrogative, as in demanding to be understood in the light of its implied position. Furthermore, instead of taking one’s original stand on the matter, the person might be misled to an ambiguous thought about ‘extra tutoring’ where it is possible to think that students who pass may need tutoring for an additional activity or it is also possible to assume

Response Essays Essay Example for Free

Response Essays Essay Response to: Foul Shots In Foul Shots, Rogelio R. Gomez writes about his Chicano background and the neighborhood he grew up in. Furthermore, he describes himself being stereotyped as one of the â€Å"barrio boys† basically meaning that he is considered inferior to the Anglos. In high school, the writer states that he was on a basketball team and that there was one day when his coach announced that his team was to â€Å"buddy up† with the opposite team. The opposite team was all White and therefore had a big conflict with the â€Å"barrio boys† due to racism. One of the Anglos threw a bag of Fritos to the â€Å"barrio boys† as an insult because of the â€Å"Frito Bandito† commercial which was, at its time, very popular and involved a stereotyped â€Å"Mexican bandit† from the Western movies who would steal Fritos. Gomez states in his essay that this insult still persists in his mind after â€Å"more than 20 years† have passed because he still wonders what he should have done in the situation and always comes to a though in where he is crushing â€Å"a silly bag of Fritos. The title seems to go well with the whole theme of this essay and has two meanings on being that since they are on a basketball team and a â€Å"foul† in basketball is an illegal move and also using the meaning of the word â€Å"foul† as unfair; they are being compared in a sense. The Anglos in the essay are very stereotypical due to the fact that they threw a bag of Fritos at the â€Å"barrio boys† and treated them very rudely; they basically thought of them as â€Å"inferior† as stated in by the author. Something that can also be said in this situation; however, is that the stereotypical thoughts could be turned towards the Anglos implying that the Mexican-Americans discriminate towards them too. The reason why is because, in the essay, it says that the â€Å"barrio boys† tried to act like they were superior because of their â€Å"toughness† and how they played basketball much better than the Anglos, beating them at every game. This whole problem could have probably been prevented if the coaches took a different approach towards the conflicts between the two teams. Rather than having the two teams get together, which obviously magnified the problem, the coach should have talked to the students about the different ethnic backgrounds and how to deal with racism and stereotypes. Response to: The Happiest Day of My Life In the essay, The Happiest Day of My Life, a man by the name of Michael T. Smith worked in an office with large windows that were facing a busy overpass. One day, Smith decided to start waving at the people that would pass by. Smith started these â€Å"window antics† to bring joy and relieve the stress during work. Smith kept on waving to these people to the point where it became a daily routine. Eventually, his co-workers began to notice this and share the laughs he would get from waving at these people. Around Christmas time, it began to get stressful because of all of the job cuts and to help cheer everyone up, Smith decided to dress up as Santa Claus during work. When his supervisor found out about this, he called Smith into his office which made Smith become very nervous, especially during this time, but to his surprise, his supervisor couldn’t help but laugh and thanked him for what he had done to cheer everyone up. I personally thought that Smith was going to get warned not to do something like this again or he would lose his job because of the reaction given in which it says that his supervisor â€Å"†¦turned and left. † After a while, Smith began to see a bond growing between the people he would wave to, especially the bus riders, but didn’t realize how strong it was until the day when his daughter was born and they held up a sign saying â€Å"congratulations! †

Selling the Fantasy :: Shopping Retail Essays

Selling the Fantasy I slow my step to a stroll as I approach the doors to the Staten Island Mall. I am finally back in New York, and, of course, the first thing I am going to do is shop. I am going to make the most of this little excursion. Abercrombie and Fitch, Gap, Express, here I come. Accompanying me on this venture are my trusty friends, Andrea and Jennifer, both also back home for a weekend break from college. As we walk past the sliding doors, we enter what we've been conditioned to think is every woman's paradise. Huge elevators to the left and right, eye-catching signs, beautifully ornate displays. Perhaps more an advertiser's paradise, now that I think about it. Walking along the first floor we come across an Abercrombie and Fitch store. Nothing like images of half-dressed beautiful people to start off my day. Why do we always come here? Every time, the same thing happens. I slow my step and look over at my friends. "Andi, not Abercrombie again," I whine. "Do you remember what happened last time we came here? You bought a tank top for $20 and only wore it once!" Andrea shoots me a bemused look and continues walking into the store. In a few minutes, I reluctantly follow her in. Yay, I think to myself, my voice dripping with sarcasm, prepare to be sold some overpriced beautiful people. Walking into the store, I am immediately confronted by attractive salespeople trying to sell us trendy clothes and huge images on the walls of a gorgeous woman (dressed in Abercrombie and Fitch, of course) in the arms of a handsome man. This is why I hate coming here. That image on the wall. I mean, who doesn't want to be that woman? Every woman does, no o ne can deny it; the countless advertising campaigns have managed to convince us that by dressing like her we could become her. Highly unlikely I know, but that is exactly what advertisers are so good at selling. That particular image. That identity. The "who you are" defined by the "what you wear." The beautiful woman who wears Abercrombie and Fitch. And by the time I realize that I'm not the beautiful woman who wears Abercrombie, but rather the poor college student who can't afford Abercrombie, I've already been convinced to buy just one more shirt.

Cultivating an Affirmation of the Past in the Poem “Digging”

The significance of the past is given an affirmation in the poem, â€Å"Digging,† written by Nobel Prize awardee Seamus Heaney. The persona in the poem takes a nostalgic trip into his past, reminiscing about the old days when he watched and participated in potato farming with his father and grandfather. Both men handle toil and hard work with excellence; this is emphasized when the persona states his admiration for the grace and competence exhibited by the men: â€Å"By God, the old man could handle a spade/Just like his old man. † (15-16) However, the demarcation line between the persona and his earlier generation is clearly defined early on.In the first two lines of the poem, he establishes the idea that he is a writer; a man who prefers handling a pen, symbolizing academic and artistic profession, over a handling a spade, symbolizing hard labor, â€Å"Between my finger and my thumb/The squat pen rests; snug as a gun. † (lines 1-2) Nevertheless, the value and p ride of each separate work is equally praised by the persona. He conveys the idea that there is no difference if one uses a pen, or a spade in work, no difference when one plows a field or scribbles on paper. The only important thing is the love and passion one dedicates to one’s profession or work.

Principles of Management

Fayol developed theory of management. According to him managerial excellence is a technically ability and can be acquired. He developed theories and principles of management which are universally accepted and make him universalistic. He was pioneer of the formal education in management. Fayol's principles of management meet the requirements of modern management. Henry Fayol, a french industrialist, offered fourteen principles of management for the first time in 1916. During the period of 1920-40 in the U. S. many authors did hard work in developing and testing various principles of management.Today, there is a very lengthy list of management principles and it is not possible to give an exhaustive lot of these management principles. Here, we are giving some important principles of management. The 14 Management Principles from Henri Fayol (1841-1925) are: 1. Division of Work. Specialization allows the individual to build up experience, and to continuously improve his skills. Thereby he can be more productive. 2. Authority and Responsibility. The right to issue commands, along with which must go the balanced responsibility for its function. 3. Discipline.Employees must obey, but this is two-sided: employees will only obey orders if management plays their part by providing good leadership. 4. Unity of Command. Each worker should have only one boss with no other conflicting lines of command. 5. Unity of Direction. People engaged in the same kind of activities must have the same objectives in a single plan. This is essential to ensure unity and coordination in the enterprise. Unity of command does not exist without unity of direction but does not necessarily flows from it. 6. Subordination of individual interest (to the general interest).Management must see that the goals of the firms are always paramount. 7. Remuneration. Payment is an important motivator although by analyzing a number of possibilities, Fayol points out that there is no such thing as a perfect syste m. 8. Centralization and Decentralization. This is a matter of degree depending on the condition of the business and the quality of its personnel. 9. Scalar chain (Line of Authority). A hierarchy is necessary for unity of direction. But lateral communication is also fundamental, as long as superiors know that such communication is taking place.Scalar chain refers to the number of levels in the hierarchy from the ultimate authority to the lowest level in the organization. It should not be over-stretched and consist of too-many levels. 10. Order. Both material order and social order are necessary. The former minimizes lost time and useless handling of materials. The latter is achieved through organization and selection. 11. Equity. In running a business a ‘combination of kindliness and justice' is needed. Treating employees well is important to achieve equity. 12. Stability of use of Personnel. Employees work better if job security and career progress are assured to them.An inse cure tenure and a high rate of employee turnover will affect the organization adversely. 13. Initiative. Allowing all personnel to show their initiative in some way is a source of strength for the organization. Even though it may well involve a sacrifice of ‘personal vanity' on the part of many managers. 14. Spirit of Co-operation (spirit de corps). Management must foster the morale of its employees. He further suggests that: â€Å"real talent is needed to coordinate effort, encourage keenness, use each person's abilities, and reward each one's merit without arousing possible jealousies and disturbing harmonious relations. â€Å" Principles of Management Fayol developed theory of management. According to him managerial excellence is a technically ability and can be acquired. He developed theories and principles of management which are universally accepted and make him universalistic. He was pioneer of the formal education in management. Fayol's principles of management meet the requirements of modern management. Henry Fayol, a french industrialist, offered fourteen principles of management for the first time in 1916. During the period of 1920-40 in the U. S. many authors did hard work in developing and testing various principles of management.Today, there is a very lengthy list of management principles and it is not possible to give an exhaustive lot of these management principles. Here, we are giving some important principles of management. The 14 Management Principles from Henri Fayol (1841-1925) are: 1. Division of Work. Specialization allows the individual to build up experience, and to continuously improve his skills. Thereby he can be more productive. 2. Authority and Responsibility. The right to issue commands, along with which must go the balanced responsibility for its function. 3. Discipline.Employees must obey, but this is two-sided: employees will only obey orders if management plays their part by providing good leadership. 4. Unity of Command. Each worker should have only one boss with no other conflicting lines of command. 5. Unity of Direction. People engaged in the same kind of activities must have the same objectives in a single plan. This is essential to ensure unity and coordination in the enterprise. Unity of command does not exist without unity of direction but does not necessarily flows from it. 6. Subordination of individual interest (to the general interest).Management must see that the goals of the firms are always paramount. 7. Remuneration. Payment is an important motivator although by analyzing a number of possibilities, Fayol points out that there is no such thing as a perfect syste m. 8. Centralization and Decentralization. This is a matter of degree depending on the condition of the business and the quality of its personnel. 9. Scalar chain (Line of Authority). A hierarchy is necessary for unity of direction. But lateral communication is also fundamental, as long as superiors know that such communication is taking place.Scalar chain refers to the number of levels in the hierarchy from the ultimate authority to the lowest level in the organization. It should not be over-stretched and consist of too-many levels. 10. Order. Both material order and social order are necessary. The former minimizes lost time and useless handling of materials. The latter is achieved through organization and selection. 11. Equity. In running a business a ‘combination of kindliness and justice' is needed. Treating employees well is important to achieve equity. 12. Stability of use of Personnel. Employees work better if job security and career progress are assured to them.An inse cure tenure and a high rate of employee turnover will affect the organization adversely. 13. Initiative. Allowing all personnel to show their initiative in some way is a source of strength for the organization. Even though it may well involve a sacrifice of ‘personal vanity' on the part of many managers. 14. Spirit of Co-operation (spirit de corps). Management must foster the morale of its employees. He further suggests that: â€Å"real talent is needed to coordinate effort, encourage keenness, use each person's abilities, and reward each one's merit without arousing possible jealousies and disturbing harmonious relations. â€Å" Principles of Management Fayol developed theory of management. According to him managerial excellence is a technically ability and can be acquired. He developed theories and principles of management which are universally accepted and make him universalistic. He was pioneer of the formal education in management. Fayol's principles of management meet the requirements of modern management. Henry Fayol, a french industrialist, offered fourteen principles of management for the first time in 1916. During the period of 1920-40 in the U. S. many authors did hard work in developing and testing various principles of management.Today, there is a very lengthy list of management principles and it is not possible to give an exhaustive lot of these management principles. Here, we are giving some important principles of management. The 14 Management Principles from Henri Fayol (1841-1925) are: 1. Division of Work. Specialization allows the individual to build up experience, and to continuously improve his skills. Thereby he can be more productive. 2. Authority and Responsibility. The right to issue commands, along with which must go the balanced responsibility for its function. 3. Discipline.Employees must obey, but this is two-sided: employees will only obey orders if management plays their part by providing good leadership. 4. Unity of Command. Each worker should have only one boss with no other conflicting lines of command. 5. Unity of Direction. People engaged in the same kind of activities must have the same objectives in a single plan. This is essential to ensure unity and coordination in the enterprise. Unity of command does not exist without unity of direction but does not necessarily flows from it. 6. Subordination of individual interest (to the general interest).Management must see that the goals of the firms are always paramount. 7. Remuneration. Payment is an important motivator although by analyzing a number of possibilities, Fayol points out that there is no such thing as a perfect syste m. 8. Centralization and Decentralization. This is a matter of degree depending on the condition of the business and the quality of its personnel. 9. Scalar chain (Line of Authority). A hierarchy is necessary for unity of direction. But lateral communication is also fundamental, as long as superiors know that such communication is taking place.Scalar chain refers to the number of levels in the hierarchy from the ultimate authority to the lowest level in the organization. It should not be over-stretched and consist of too-many levels. 10. Order. Both material order and social order are necessary. The former minimizes lost time and useless handling of materials. The latter is achieved through organization and selection. 11. Equity. In running a business a ‘combination of kindliness and justice' is needed. Treating employees well is important to achieve equity. 12. Stability of use of Personnel. Employees work better if job security and career progress are assured to them.An inse cure tenure and a high rate of employee turnover will affect the organization adversely. 13. Initiative. Allowing all personnel to show their initiative in some way is a source of strength for the organization. Even though it may well involve a sacrifice of ‘personal vanity' on the part of many managers. 14. Spirit of Co-operation (spirit de corps). Management must foster the morale of its employees. He further suggests that: â€Å"real talent is needed to coordinate effort, encourage keenness, use each person's abilities, and reward each one's merit without arousing possible jealousies and disturbing harmonious relations. â€Å" Principles Of Management Most of us have to work for a living†¦. Employee motivation issues. It is easy for any individual to lack motivation. This may result from monotonous working routines, even though we work for a living. Therefore, it is essential to consider employee motivation issues so that the employees work at their best and with full dedication. For some employees, working for living is not an issue and living for working is. Therefore, managers have to ensure that the employees are motivated always and do their best when working for an organization. 7. Can an individual be too motivated?Discuss? I don’t believe that an individual can be too motivated but rather excited or extremely encouraged to do any task. This may result from a variety of factors. Mainly, new job or new project issues are taken into consideration when evaluating an employee’s motivation level. It is necessary for an individual to be motivated always. This can be to such an extent that he or she delivers an excellent quality of work every time and this can result from positive thinking at work. CASE APPLICATION- â€Å"BEST BUY† 1. Explain†¦ expectancy theory?According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, this theory covers the basic needs of an individual and thus, different employee programs under this theory place a positive effect on the employee thereby increasing their motivation and their will to work. Best Buy offers the scope of self-management and gives complete freedom to its employees in every way. The disadvantage of Best Buy’s program using Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory is the safety that I believe Best Buy lacks. Using the reinforcement theory, Best Buy has only been initiating changes without any reward benefits to the employees.The tasks completed by the employees are noted but I don’t think they are rewarded for this, which is a disadvantage according to this theory. According to expectancy theory as well, employees should be rewarded sufficiently for their performance that lacks in Best Buy. Having to work based on incentives is fine but the company should always reward the employee sufficiently for performance that motivates the employees further rather than having a mere change in the work environment along with choices. Giving choices to employees may also promote motivation as they choose and opt for what they are comfortable in.2. Log on†¦ job characteristics model. The Business Technology Consultant in Best Buy offers a lucrative position to those who are highly skilled and knowledgeable in the area. According to the job characteristics model, it meets all the criteria and therefore, helps the employee to be continuously motivated and satisfied with the job due to its changing needs throughout. The job offers skill development, task handling technique, highlights on the importance of tasks, liberty and they also receive feedback from their peers regarding this.Another job that is worth lo oking into is the special agent requirement in the Best Buy. He is mainly responsible for the networking aspect of the company and is supposed to aid the Business Technology Consultant in the improvement of company’s IT structure. However, this job lacks a few characteristics, as mentioned in the job characteristics model. I don’t believe there is any liberty as there are specified tasks so it is hard for the employee to be motivated all the time. 3. Design†¦managerial philosophy.While the incentive program of the CEO is rewarding for its employees, another way to acknowledge the employee’s achievement and motivate them is to set a record where there is an â€Å"employee of the week† chosen and they are rewarded based on their weekly performance on various levels rather than monthly performances. I believe this employee recognition program can bring about several changes, including competitiveness in the work environment where the employees will cont inuously be at work to improve their performance levels thereby giving them a chance to succeed on a weekly basis rather than monthly. 4.Suppose that you are the store manager†¦.. What are you going to do? In order to succeed with the customer-centricity, it is important to focus on customers more than the employees but they too should be given importance for their work. Providing immediate customer care and solutions to customers followed by a detailed insight into the products they want to buy can help in the succession of customer-centricity. Furthermore, it can be said that customers should be satisfied in every way and this means doing anything to achieve this motive. Therefore, customers are not only treated as first class citizens but important visitors to the store.The welcoming atmosphere created along with prompt customer service can help in the success of customer-centricity program. CHAPTER 17: Thinking about management issues: answer 5 Trust revolves around individ ual’s personal characteristics as well as the outside specific situations. Inclusion of both is essential to make decisions and therefore, both should be taken into account. It is the individual’s personal characteristics that draw attention towards trust. Outside specific situations strengthens the trust and therefore, play an essential role in the building of trust.Both are equally important to uphold trust in an individual. CASE STUDY DISCUSSION QUESTIONS 1. Describe†¦ might be? Ricardo Semler shows an innovative method for business strategies to succeed. His strategy helps in giving liberty to the employees to do whatever they want and this always motivates the employees, as they are already familiar with the organization’s objectives. I see many drawbacks though. There is no target and no management. This mostly leads to chaos and businesses should be built on the model of bureaucracy and the performance of all should be evaluated.Semler trusts all his employees and it is very rare that his kind of strategies would work for everyone in the business market. This is risky. There have been several successful businesses where bureaucracy has yielded successful results. 2. What challenges†¦addressed? â€Å"Hands-off† leader faces management problems and extreme chaos. There is no discipline or code of conduct. Therefore, such challenges can be addressed by ensuring there are proper codes of conducts, even as a â€Å"hands-off† leader to ensure that discipline is maintained in an organization.Being adults doesn’t imply the meaning that one should be completely independent. Objectives of the companies can be met in several ways but if they are achieved by proper means with proper idea proposal, we know what techniques are employed by the employees in achieving success. Proper monitoring is essential for tracking the success of growth and development for the organization. 3. How could†¦ Discuss? I certainly don’t think Semler’s method of running a business could actually serve as a helpful strategy to fulfill the criteria of proper etiquettes in business management.I can’t see future leaders identifying with Semler’s way of doing business as any method that lacks disciplines and proper codes is not a reliable or a professional way of doing business. It may be able to achieve short-term success but not long-term success. Leadership training is absolutely crucial for any organization and businesses with excellent leadership have been outstanding results of business success throughout, which is why we emphasize on leadership in business. 4.What could†¦. leadership? Ricardo’s leadership gives the employees their own space to out their creativity and innovation into practice without the extensive paperwork of approvals and disapprovals. This feature of Ricardo’s leadership can be very benefiting due to its motivating influence on the employees . Free flow of creativity helps the employees to freely exercise their rights to lead the organization towards success. CHAPTER 18 Thinking about management issues 4. When do†¦rights†?Electronic devices such as computers, videogames, video cameras and telephone monitoring step over the line from â€Å"effective management controls† when the devices used intrude the privacy of others. Therefore, it is absolutely essential not to infringe upon privacy of others as this is considered absolutely unethical. Privacy of one’s personal space is a right that every individual owns and therefore, it should not be infringed in any way. 5. â€Å"Every†¦Explain? I do believe every individual in an organization plays a vital role as they are responsible for contributing their efforts to the organization.Hence, every individual’s role counts. Control is something that the leaders of an organization do based on what kind of output they want to receive. These are not just managers but every supervisor in an organization who looks after certain tasks and groups for the completion of the tasks given to them. Therefore, control is not only restricted to managers but to every employee who has tasks to accomplish and is responsible for a group of people working under him or her. Ethical dilemma exercise I believe I’d opt for option A as I believe that is the most ethical thing to do.Viewing adult graphic content using company’s internet facilities is against the rules of the organization and this matter should be dealt with seriousness. Today, the manager is found to view such things on the internet. Some other day, we will have other employees of the organization doing the same thing. The sooner the issues are highlighted to the authorities concerned, the rest of the staff will be aware of the consequences of doing such acts and thus, this will not be repeated by other employees as well. Awareness is definitely important in this r egard and cannot be taken lightly.CHAPTER 19 1. Using†¦ tour? In order to enhance productivity, it is essential for the manager to learn more about operation management. Somewhere in the sun tour has to have certain input elements in order to process the output. Using exhibit 19-1, we know that the input elements would consist of people, technology, capital, equipment, materials, information that would further be processed and transformed into goods and services. This helps in the effective functioning of an organization followed by proper management of productivity.

12 German Movie Recommendations For German Learners

12 German Movie Recommendations For German Learners Watching a movie in a foreign language is a fun and helpful way to help you learn the language. If youre at the beginning of your language-learning journey, look for films with subtitles, either in German or English translations, depending on your level of ability. But even if youre not a pro, letting your brain relax and not try so hard and just absorb the language on the screen taps into a different way of learning. Its how people naturally learn their native tongue: by listening and needing to understand. We asked our readers what movies were especially helpful to help them learn the language. Here are 12 of their German movie recommendations: 1. Sophie Scholl – Die Letzten Tage,  2005 Ken Masters says: Sorry, don’t have time to write a full review, but it’s not necessary- these films, especially Sophie Scholl, speak for themselves. And, if you’re interested in the history of film, then you have to watch the silent film Metropolis (1927). 2. The Edukators, 2004 Kieran Chart says: â€Å"I would recommend ‘The Edukators.’ It’s a really good movie and also has an interesting message. To add to that, ‘The Counterfeiters’ (‘Die Flscher’) is a really good German war movie concerning a Nazi plot to counterfeit English and American money and flood the economy with these false notes, bringing it to its knees. Then, of course, it would be remiss of me to not include ‘Das Boot.’ Really worth a watch. Suspense doesn’t get better in a movie. Enjoy.† 3. â€Å"Die Welle† (â€Å"The Wave†), 2008 Vlasta Veres says: â€Å"‘Die Welle’ is also one of my favorites. The story starts with a simple high school workshop, where through a game, a teacher explains how fascism works. However, you can see how gradually students start getting carried away and start acting violently toward other groups. This movie perfectly depicts the psychology of a group and how humanness can step away in front of instincts inside us that are frightening. Definitely a must see.† 4. â€Å"Himmel uber Berlin† (â€Å"Wings of Desire†), 1987 Christopher G says: This â€Å"is a film I have seen often; it never fails to challenge and force questions. Wonderful direction and script by Wim Wenders. Bruno Ganz communicates with silent gestures more than his words. Intriguing line: ‘Ich weiss jetzt, was kein Engel weiss.’† 5. â€Å"Erbsen auf Halb 6,† 2004 Apollon says: â€Å"The last film that I watched was ‘Drei.’ Such a good movie. But I’ve watched before a better one called â€Å"Erbsen auf Halb 6,† about a blind woman and a famous movie director who becomes blind after an accident.† 6. â€Å"Das Boot,† 1981 Sachin Kulkarni says: â€Å"The last German film I saw was ‘Das Boot’ by Wolfgang Petersen. This movie dates back to World War II and is about a submarine carrying a relatively young crew. Very good movie with a sad ending.† 7. â€Å"Almanya - Willkommen in Deutschland,† 2011 Ken Masters says: â€Å"A serious/comical look at Turks in Germany. Mostly lighthearted, but dealing with sometimes serious subjects and cultural differences.† 8. â€Å"Pina,† 2011 Amelia says: â€Å"Testimonials and dance moves created by the company’s dancers make a beautiful tribute to the choreographer Pina Bausch.† 9. â€Å"Nosferatu the Vampyre,† 1979 Gary NJ says: Werner â€Å"Herzog’s ‘Nosferatu’ from 1979 with Klaus Kinski and Bruno Ganz is very good. The scenery and music are great. A good creepy movie for fall or Halloween.† This film is an art-house vampire horror flick. 10. â€Å"Goodbye Lenin,† 2003 Jaime says â€Å"... a bittersweet take on the fall of the Berlin Wall and the western economic change in East Germany, which he tries to hide from his ill mother.† 11. â€Å"Das Leben der Anderen,† 2006 Emmett Hoops says: â€Å"‘Das Leben der Anderen’ is probably the most beautiful, most moving film to come out of Germany in the past 30 years. Another good one is ‘Der Untergang,’ with Bruno Ganz as Hitler. It shows the insanity of National Socialism brought to its inevitable (and hotly desired by Hitler) conclusion.† 12. â€Å"Chinesisches Roulette,† 1976 Anonymous  says: â€Å"The climax of the film is the 15-minute guessing game of the title, with lots of questions of the form ‘if this person were X, what kind of X would they be?’ Plenty of practice with Konjunktiv 2.†

Premise Of Hume Essays - Epistemologists, Moral Philosophers

Premise Of Hume Essays - Epistemologists, Moral Philosophers Premise Of Hume In his Treatise of Human Nature, David Hume outlines his theory of human morality. Humes argument is the notion that human morality is not based on rational thought and reason, but rather is a consequence of our passions. Because passions themselves can never present themselves as the product of any sort of reasoning, it would be illogical to ever judge a moral action as rational or irrational. This, therefore, raises the question, what is the role of reason in moral thinking? This paper will outline Humes arguments on morality and attempt to discern the role of reason in morality. Additionally, it will explore the ultimate motivating factors of passionate thinking in an attempt to discern what sort of philosopher Hume really is. The basic premise of Humes arguments on morality is simply that our actions are not governed by reason, but rather by passion or as Hume states, that reason alone can never be a motive to any action of the will; and secondly, that it can never oppose passion in the direction of the will.(413) Reason to Hume, is the discovery of truth or falshood. Truth or falshood consists in an agreement or disagreement either to the real relations of ideas, or to real existence and matter of fact.(458) It is Humes understanding that rational thinking can only apply in ascertaining relationship between objects in the real world, as in an example of a scientist who uses reason to conclude that apples fall from trees because of a force called gravity. However, because reason does not apply to ideas and thoughts of the mind itself, it followed from this assertion that reason cannot move anyone to action. As Hume states, Abstract or demonstrative reasoning, therefore, never influences any of our actions , but only as it directs our judgment concerning causes and effects; which leads us to the second operation of the understanding.(414) Passions, on the other hand, are not subject to an understanding of truth or falshood. They are internal thoughts, original motivations in the mind separate from the outside world. As Hume writes, Now tis evident our passions, volitions, and actions, are not susceptible of any such agreement or disagreement; being original facts and realities, complete in themselves, and implying no reference to other passions, volitions, and actions. Tis impossible, therefore, they can be pronounced either true or false, and be either contrary or conformable to reason. (458) If this is the case, then the ultimate conclusion is that we can never judge our own motivating passions as rational or irrational. This notion of passions being neither reasonable nor unreasonable is important because it is Humes belief that it is our passions that ultimately motivate our behavior. For Hume, the underlying motivations in humans arise from the notions of pleasure and pain. Tis obvious, that when we have the prospect of pain or pleasure from any object, we feel a consequent emotion of aversion or propensity, and are carryd to avoid or embrace what will give us this uneasiness or satisfaction.(414) Thus, it is our internal desire, or passion, to limit suffering and maximize pleasure, and thus this is ultimately the founding motivator for our actions. Morality has an obvious influence on our actions. We as humans perceive the scenarios that surround us and act on them either in accordance or in specific opposition to our morality. Morals, therefore, have a definitive influence on the actions we take. As Hume states, Since morals, therefore, have an influence on the actions and affections, it follows, that they cannot be derivd from reason; and that because reason alone, as we have already provd, can never have any such influence. Morals excite passions, and produce or prevent actions. Reason of itself is utterly impotent in this particular. The rules of morality; therefore, are not conclusions of our reason.(457) It is Humes conclusion that since morality motivates us towards actions and reason does not, then morality cannot be a result of some rational decision making that occurs in our minds, and instead due to our internal passions and desires. This philosophy raises a few questions. First of all, what is the place of reason in Humes philosophy? At a certain point in the text,

Opening Premier Inn hotel in Mauritius Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Opening Premier Inn hotel in Mauritius - Essay Example There is also the strategy of wholly owned subsidiaries a form of foreign direct investment that includes acquisitions and the Greenfield investment. The Greenfield investment is preferable if there are no competitors in Mauritius and it is a high-risk strategy. In addition, the hotel can consider acquisitions since it is a technique that can help to actualize higher human potential. It also contributes to lower risk than most of the entry models (Hill, 2014). The best design for the hotel is Foreign Direct Investment by procuring land, plant, and workforce in the host country. The hotel can set up a subsidiary that is wholly owned in the country by establishing a branch from the ground. In doing so, the hotel will be using the Greenfield strategy; on the other hand, it can also acquire a plant in the target foreign market (Hill, 2014). The hotel will experience significant benefits in the acquisitions. Firstly, purchases are quick to execute. The hotel should acquire an already established enterprise in Mauritius, by doing so it can quickly build its presence in a foreign target market. Therefore, the Premier inn hotel should do the same (Razin and Sadika, 2007). Secondly, the hotel should make acquisitions as a tool to pre-empt competitors since in Mauritius there are many investors in the hotel industry. The need for the pre-emption is especially prominent in markets that are rapidly globalizing. Thirdly, managers of the Premier inn hotel may view acquisitions as less risky than a Greenfield venture. Practically when the hotel purchases another hotel in Mauritius, it buys a number of assets that generate a known profit stream and revenue. On the contrary, the profit stream and income produced by a Greenfield venture is indeed uncertain simply because it does not yet exist. Acquisition made at the Premier Inn hotel in Mauritius; it does not only acquire a number of tangible assets. For example, it will

Groupware SLP Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Groupware SLP - Research Paper Example The organization further subdivided its members in to Special Interest Groups of 34 different areas such as computer-human interaction and mobile communications. The ACM website (www.acm.org) is a large website which consisted of variety of resources such as journal articles, special interest groups, details about conferences, blogs, and news. All though some of the resources are free, paid membership is necessary to access the digital library and other benefits including awards and conferences. The website (home page) links with about 18 sections including publications, special interest groups, news and awards. Since the ACM try to cover all possible details about computing, the contents of the site are less specific and diluted. Although they do not publish commercial advertisement (such as Google ads) in the home page they have used much of it space (in the home page) to popularize their activities which usually require a paid membership. Photographs and quotes of the members and winners have been used for these purposes. They have placed commercial advertisements mostly as banners in some of the links/sections (example: ads in the section â€Å"Online Books & Courses†). Irrespective to its usage of â€Å"org† (organization) in the web address it provides very limited amount of free/open access information to the internet users where the usual practice of the most organizations is to provide more free information much as possible (Postel, 1984 & Gray, 1999) . According to the ACM the target audience is anyone interested on professional or educational computing (ACM, 2005). However the content and the arrangement of the website are not interesting and not attractive. They were unable to narrow down the activities to meet with the objectives. The real purpose of this website and the benefit to the audience is difficult to understand. Further the real effect and the validity of the activities such as conferences and the awards are not clear. Even though

Global Operations Management IP II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Global Operations Management IP II - Essay Example These strategies will enable the company realize better performance and gain competitive advantage in the global market. Introduction A PPQ part is a manufacturing company that deals with the manufacture of Sport Utility Vehicles in the United States with 5000 number of employees and controls 5% of the world market share. The company intends to reorganize its operations beyond the boarders of United States in which the company intends to expand its employee base to 10000. However, the company has experienced high turnover rates of 28% which is above the market average. The company therefore intends to increase its employee retention through reduction of annual turnover from 28% to 17%. PPQ Parts also intends to increase its profit margin from 6% to 13% in 4 years in order to improve its performance in the stock market from the current $10 per share to $22 per share. The company through its corporate values contributes 0.5% of its profits to charity work and would like to raise it to 5% in 4 years time. Strategic Management Plan Employment Rebranding Strategy The ability of PPQ parts to attract and retain customers is one of the big challenges the company faces. Moreover, ability to attract and retain customers in the new global market that the company intends to venture will be even more challenging. According to McLaughlin & Fitzsimmons (1996), attracting and retaining talent is becoming the main competitive differentiator for companies around the world. While PPQ parts intend to cast a wider net across the globe, it will be imperative for the top management of the company to manage its internal HR systems. Employment branding is therefore the best approach that will guarantee long term talent development and retention thus reducing employee turnover (Kuruvilla, 2008). Major Goal: To increase employee retention by lowering annual turnover from 28% to 17% while increasing the number of employees from 5000 to 10000. Objective: Reduce the annual employee turnover from 28% to 17% through implementation of key HR strategies necessary to motivate employees and improve performance. Responsible Parties: PPQ Parts Board, and Senior Management staff Key Strategies: 1. Training and career development by coming up with a career development plan that will include systems for assessing employee performance and recommendation of training needs. 2. Performance Management by developing employee appraisal system that would keep employees focused to organizational direction and ensures employees are involved in the process of decision making with respect to training needs and career development. 3. Developing a HR function through implementing logical connections, that connects the renewal and integration capabilities, practical interventions and dynamic behaviors. 4. Develop HR operational procedures and enhance communication system within the organization. 5. Conduct a survey on the areas of employees’ satisfaction and implement the recommendation s. Expected Outcomes: Increased employee referrals, retention rates improve, enhance employee motivation, develop a stronger corporate culture, reduce corporate negatives, ammunition for employees and managers and gain a competitive advantage Timeline: Implementation of these strategies is expected to take 6 months followed by evaluation process and finally addressing the

Nature vs Nurture Essay Example for Free

Nature vs Nurture Essay Abstract The discussion surrounding Stephen Pinkers book The Blank Slate: the Modern Denial of Human Nature has sparks some rather interesting arguments as to whether our being is a result of nature, genetics or is it learned through nurturing. The discussion revolved around Pinkers idea that there is no such thing as the Blank Slate theory, when it comes to human nature. He believes that the human mind, like the human body, has been designed by natural selection through the process of biological evolution (Bailey Gillespie, 2002, p. 2). The Blank Slate theory derived from John Locke, a great philosopher who lived in the 16th century. In John Lockes philosophy, tabula rasa was the theory that the (human) mind is at birth a blank slate void of all characters, without any ideas or rules for processing data, and that data is added and rules for processing it formed solely by our sensory experiences. As understood by Locke, tabula rasa meant that the mind of the individual was born blank, and it also emphasized the individuals freedom to author his or her own soul. Each individual was free to define the content of his or her character but his or her basic identity as a member of the human species cannot be so altered. Implicit in this theory is the belief that individuals are infinitely and arbitrarily malleable by society: by changing the individuals environment, and thus sensory experiences, one can shape the individual with few, if any, restrictions. Steven Pinker challenges the Blank Slate theory. He thinks, we are genetically coded to be whatever we are. The experiences we encounter only have a minuscule impact on how we grow. Pinker argues about the idea of which nurture plays a more important role than nature in the development of the human mind. He believes a child is born with a personality, and parents cannot cause their children to have a different personality to that which is given. Pinker states in an interview by Bailey and Gillespie that: Blank slates do not do anything they just sit there. Human beings do things. They make sense of their environment they acquire language they interact with one another. They use reasoning to bring about things that they want. Even if you acknowledge, as you have to acknowledge, that learning, socialization, and culture are indispensable aspects of human behavior you have to admit that you cant have culture unless you have some kind of innate circuitry that can invent and acquire culture to begin with. (p. 5) Pinker also has an interesting notion, that there is no such thing as intelligence as we know it. If everyone is born void of everything, how do we explain intellectual difference among humans? One of his ways to solve the difference, because it is given to us genetically is to have its checks and balance. We have to match social structure to genetics. Pinker stated that the Blank Slate theory made divisions among humans socially, intellectually, racially and by gender. Method Participants Research participants stemmed from his research with twins where Pinker with the help of Jennifer Ganger, PhD. They gathered data. On the development of words, sentences and past tense forms in a large sample of identical and fraternal twins. In the research he looked at there gradual development of their language, if it looked like the development appear in closer synchrony in identical twins (who share all their genes) than in fraternal twins (who share half their genes, among those that vary), it would suggest that language development is paced in part by a genetically influenced maturational timetable. (Pinker research 2002 p. 1) Pinker also conducted research studies on Neuroimaging of inflection where he used (functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the neural organization of language. He also used a set of projects that focused on inflections such as the past tense and plural to understand the psychology of language. I have studied how past tense forms develop in children. I studied this processed in real time during speech productions. How they vary and do not vary? and how their details, quirks and exceptions are explained by linguistic theory. (Pinker ? research, 2002 p. 1) My view of this topic is that I think to some extent we are born with some kind of personality but our experiences molds what we truly become. I do not believe that nature give us, by genetics all the things we need in life. I think we are born with some intellectual capacity and by nurturing that, we improve our knowledge. I saw an example of nurturing on an interesting episode of CBS 60 minutes. A little boy was born severely brain damaged and was blind. He could barely walk, talk or move his hands. At the age of two, his parents gave him a piano, he began playing it, and by age five, he was already playing classical music. The gene found in this child is found, is found in one in ten thousand people and it allows him to read music. He just needs to hear a sound once in its entirety and he can play it on piano minutes later. No everyone with this gene has this ability. His parents nurtured him and invoked the intellectual part of his brain that allows him to be an extraordinary musician. Our experience in life and the way we are nurture plays a vital roll in the individuals we become. In closing, I think we do learn a great deal from nurturing and we are born with a gene that gives us certain personalities. Therefore, a human being cannot be completely void. References Bailey, R Gillespie, N (2002). Reason: Biology vs. the blank Slate. http://reason. com/0210/fe. rb. biology. shtml Pinker, S (2005) http://pinker. wjh. harvard. edu Wikipedia. Org http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Tabula_rasa http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Nature_versus_nurture http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/The_Blank_Slate.

Multiple Sclerosis Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Multiple Sclerosis    You pick up the telephone to call your best friend. You dial a number which will, in effect, let the phone know where to send the signals. But unbeknownst to you, something has worn away the rubber which covers and protects the wires within your phone. Some signals cannot get through, and the ones that do are ambiguous. As a result your important information does not get conveyed to your friend. This is a circumstance similar to the process that occurs within the body of a person with Multiple Sclerosis, a disease of the spinal cord and brain which affects over 300,000 Americans. The onset of Multiple Sclerosis, or MS, usually occurs between the ages of 22 to 33 years of age and most frequently affects women between the ages of 30 and 50.(1) Yet Multiple Sclerosis is one of the few neurological diseases which is characterized by remission (the disappearance of symptoms for an extended period of time.) As a result, it is likely that scientists will be able to discover therapies for the disease because if they are able to figure out how and why the remission of Multiple Sclerosis occurs, they might be able to force the body into a state of constant remission.       Transmitting Signals: A Look at the Nervous System Before taking a closer look at Multiple Sclerosis, it is important to understand the body's nervous system, which is composed of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The central nervous system, which is made of the brain and the spinal cord, is responsible for the integration of information. The peripheral nervous system, which is constituted by all additional nerve cells not in the central nervous system, is responsible for conveying information to and away from the central nervous... ...ut Volume 12, Number 1. Connecticut Academy of Science and Engineering, 1997. 11 Christenson, Lisa. "National Multiple Sclerosis Society Funds Projects by Connecticut Researchers." Highlights of Science and Technology in Connecticut Volume 12, Number 1. Connecticut Academy of Science and Engineering, 1997. 12 Betaseron Information (http://www.betaseron.com) 13 National Multiple Sclerosis Society (http://www.nmss.org/msinfo/info_meds.html) 14 National Multiple Sclerosis Society (http://www.nmss.org/msinfo/info_meds.html) 15 Biogen Homepage (http://www.biogen.com) 16 National Multiple Sclerosis Society (http://www.nmss.org/msinfo/info_meds.html) 17 National Multiple Sclerosis Society (http://www.nmss.org/msinfo/info_meds.html) 18 Corticosteroids Information (http://www.njc.org) 19 National Multiple Sclerosis Society (http://www.nmss.org/msinfo/info_meds.html)

Cultural industries Essay

A conception referring to the creation, production and distribution of goods and services that are cultural in nature Examples include the music industry, film production, craft and design, architecture, sports, advertising and cultural tourism. Cultural policy Guiding principles that affect unswervingly the cultural uniqueness of a society Are formed by decision makers, managers and promoters Have the primary functions of aiding in the production, distribution, management, preservation and consumption of culture in the society May be international, national or regional in structure, formulation, adoption and implementation The key priorities of cultural most national cultural policies include; †¢ Conservation, restoration and reconstruction of cultural heritage †¢ Creation of cultural legislation †¢ Creation of cultural administration systems †¢ Protection of the media from state interference †¢ Promoting Cultural Education Introduction of cultural industries to cultural policy Introduced by Greater London Council (GLC) in 1983 GLC justified the inclusion based on the notion that cultural practices and tastes of a society are exhibited and shaped by the commercial forms of culture hence the need for policies to foster and protect cultural industries Advocated for the allocation of more resources to the broadcasting industry in order to disseminate information to capture the interest of the people and the need to use investment in cultural industries as a tool to economic revitalization Creative policy Creativity adopted in cultural industries policies to protect creative industries such as the television and software development industries. Creative policies protect cultural industries thereby ensuring originality, innovativeness and competitiveness in cultural development. Notable ones are creative cities and creative clusters The creative industries cultural policies purposely serve to support cultural development, reward creativity and originality in individuals and groups, and to apply creativity to economic development Copyright laws Helps in the regulation and protection of cultural industries Significant changes in Copyright brought about by the WTO and the EU Primarily takes the form of patents; which would help in the protection of new ideas, trademarks which serves to offer uniqueness to cultural products and copyrights to help in the protection of literary or artistic works Recommendations Proper policy and regulation should be embraced for people to explore behold the discriminatory wastefulness of art subsidy at the expense of other industries Resourceful use of the available financial backing to foster and preserve cultural industries Development and adoption of realistic policies by policy makers Integration of the cultural sector to the education sector in order to produce creative and more innovative workers The government should also avail funds to policy makers to aid in the development of regenerative possibilities of cultural industries’ development. Development of cultural polices compatible with the political cultural and technological advancement of the economy Discussion Questions 1. From the presentation above, justify the inclusion of cultural industries to cultural policy 2. Discuss forms of creative policy adopted to protect creative industries References Hesmondhalgh, D & Pratt, C. A (2005). Cultural Industries and Cultural Policy. International Journal of Cultural Policy Vol 11, no. 1 2005. Retrieved from the Internet on 17/07/2008 from; Cliche, D. (2001) Culture, Governance & Regulatio. Recognizing Culture A series of briefing papers on culture and development. Retrieved from the internet on 19/08/2008 from;

Administrative Ethics Paper Grading Criteria Essay

Resource: Administrative Ethics Paper Grading Criteria on your student website Find a current administrative issue in a newspaper, magazine, or journal article relating to topics such as patient privacy, confidentiality, or HIPAA. Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper that includes the following: †¢ Describe the issue and its impact on the population it affects most. †¢ What arguments or facts are used in the article to support the proposed solution? †¢ What are the ethical and legal issues reported for your administrative issue? †¢ Explain the managerial responsibilities related to administrative ethical issues. If none were stated, what should have been done? †¢ Identify any proposed solutions. See more: Strategic Management Process Essay Include at least three sources in your paper. Resource: Administrative Ethics Paper Grading Criteria on your student website Find a current administrative issue in a newspaper, magazine, or journal article relating to topics such as patient privacy, confidentiality, or HIPAA. Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper that includes the following: †¢ Describe the issue and its impact on the population it affects most. †¢ What arguments or facts are used in the article to support the proposed solution? †¢ What are the ethical and legal issues reported for your administrative issue? †¢ Explain the managerial responsibilities related to administrative ethical issues. If none were stated, what should have been done? †¢ Identify any proposed solutions.

Free Essays on “The Sources Of International Law And Art. 38”

International law: an overview International law consists of rules and principles which govern the relations and dealings of nations with each other. International Law, which is in most other countries referred to as Public International Law, concerns itself only with questions of rights between several nations or nations and the citizens or subjects of other nations. In contrast, Private International Law deals with controversies between private persons, natural or juridical, arising out of situations having significant relationship to more than one nation. In recent years the line between public and private international law have became increasingly uncertain. Issues of private international law may also implicate issues of public international law, and many matters of private international law nave substantial significance for the international community of nations. International Law includes the basic, classic concepts of law in national legal systems status, property, obligation, and tort (or delict). It also includes substantive law, procedure, process and remedies. The Sources of International Law. Article 38 (1) The Court, whose function is to decide in accordance with international law such disputes as are submitted to it, shall apply: (a) international conventions, whether general or particular, establishing rules expressly recognized by the contesting states; (b) international custom, as evidence of a general practice accepted as law; (c) the general principles of law recognized by civilized nations; (d) subject to the provisions of Article 59, judicial decisions and the teachings of the most highly qualified publicists of the various nations, as subsidiary means for the determination of rules of law. (2) This provision shall not prejudice the power of the Court to decide a case ex aequo et bono, if the parties agree thereto. After treaties, the sources of international law mentioned in Art. 38(1) of ... Free Essays on â€Å"The Sources Of International Law And Art. 38† Free Essays on â€Å"The Sources Of International Law And Art. 38† International law: an overview International law consists of rules and principles which govern the relations and dealings of nations with each other. International Law, which is in most other countries referred to as Public International Law, concerns itself only with questions of rights between several nations or nations and the citizens or subjects of other nations. In contrast, Private International Law deals with controversies between private persons, natural or juridical, arising out of situations having significant relationship to more than one nation. In recent years the line between public and private international law have became increasingly uncertain. Issues of private international law may also implicate issues of public international law, and many matters of private international law nave substantial significance for the international community of nations. International Law includes the basic, classic concepts of law in national legal systems status, property, obligation, and tort (or delict). It also includes substantive law, procedure, process and remedies. The Sources of International Law. Article 38 (1) The Court, whose function is to decide in accordance with international law such disputes as are submitted to it, shall apply: (a) international conventions, whether general or particular, establishing rules expressly recognized by the contesting states; (b) international custom, as evidence of a general practice accepted as law; (c) the general principles of law recognized by civilized nations; (d) subject to the provisions of Article 59, judicial decisions and the teachings of the most highly qualified publicists of the various nations, as subsidiary means for the determination of rules of law. (2) This provision shall not prejudice the power of the Court to decide a case ex aequo et bono, if the parties agree thereto. After treaties, the sources of international law mentioned in Art. 38(1) of ...

Simple Conjugations for the French Verb Baigner

Simple Conjugations for the French Verb Baigner In French,  baigner  means to bathe someone else. Its used in a different context than  laver  (to wash)  and  mouiller  (to wet, drench). For instance, you would use  baigner le chien when you want to say to bathe the dog. This is a rather useful verb to learn and conjugating it to the present, past, and future tenses is relatively easy. The following lesson will guide you through the many forms of  baigner. Conjugating the French Verb  Baigner First of all, the pronunciation of  baigner  is not [bag-ner] as the GN creates a softer sound. You can hear it  in  champagne  and  une  baignoire  (bathtub). Once you get the pronunciation correct, youll be happy to know that the conjugations of baigner follow the pattern of a  regular -ER verb. This means that if you can conjugate common verbs like  adorer  (to adore)  and  dà ©clarer (to declare), you can use those same endings in these verb forms. To do this, simply pair the subject pronoun with the appropriate tense needed for your sentence. For instance, I bathe is je baigne and we will bathe is nous baignerons. Subject Present Future Imperfect je baigne baignerai baignais tu baignes baigneras baignais il baigne baignera baignait nous baignons baignerons baignions vous baignez baignerez baigniez ils baignent baigneront baignaient What is the Present Participle of  Baigner The  present participle  of baigner  is  baignant. Notice how this transformation is done by replacing the -er  ending with -ant, which is equivalent to the English -ing. Baigners Past Participle and Passà © Composà © The  past participle  of this verb is baignà ©. It is used along with an  auxiliary verb  to create the common past tense of  passà © composà ©. The auxiliary verb  avoir  needs to be conjugated, though the past participle remains the same no matter which subject pronoun you use. As an example, I bathed is jai baignà ©. Similarly, we bathed is nous avons baignà ©. More Useful Conjugations of  Baigner There are a few other verb forms you may need from time to time. Of these, the subjunctive and conditional are most common and each implies a level of uncertainty to the action. For the conditional, the action of bathing may or may not happen depending on the circumstances. You may not use or see the passà © simple or the imperfect subjunctive very often. These are often reserved for formal French writing, though you should be able to recognize their association with  baigner. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Passà © Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je baigne baignerais baignai baignasse tu baignes baignerais baignas baignasses il baigne baignerait baigna baignà ¢t nous baignions baignerions baignà ¢mes baignassions vous baigniez baigneriez baignà ¢tes baignassiez ils baignent baigneraient baignà ¨rent baignassent One last conjugation is important to note for  baigner. The imperative is used in direct requests and demands and there is no need to use the subject pronoun. For these instances, simplify nous baignons to baignons. Imperative (tu) baigne (nous) baignons (vous) baignez

Abelisaurus - Facts and Figures

Abelisaurus - Facts and Figures Name: Abelisaurus (Greek for Abels lizard); pronounced AY-bell-ih-SORE-us Habitat: Woodlands of South America Historical Period: Late Cretaceous (85-80 million years ago) Size and Weight: About 30 feet long and 2 tons Diet: Meat Distinguishing Characteristics: Large head with small teeth; openings in skull above jaws About Abelisaurus Abels lizard (so named because it was discovered by the Argentinian paleontologist Roberto Abel) is known by only a single skull. Although entire dinosaurs have been reconstructed from less, this lack of fossil evidence has forced paleontologists to hazard some guesses about this South American dinosaur. As befitting its theropod lineage, its believed that Abelisaurus resembled a scaled-down Tyrannosaurus Rex, with fairly short arms and a bipedal gait, and only weighing about two tons, max. The one odd feature of Abelisaurus (at least, the one that we know of for sure) is the assortment of large holes in its skull, called fenestrae, above the jaw. Its likely that these evolved to lighten the weight of this dinosaurs massive head, which otherwise might have unbalanced its entire body. By the way, Abelisaurus has lent its name to an entire family of theropod dinosaurs, the abelisaurswhich includes such notable meat-eaters as the stubby-armed Carnotaurus and Majungatholus. As far as we know, abelisaurs were restricted to the southern island continent of Gondwana during the Cretaceous period, which today corresponds to Africa, South America and Madagascar.

Software Piracy issues Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Software Piracy issues - Assignment Example Now a privacy policy covers the piracy aspect of software’s too, so if all the computer related work is done within the legal boundaries that have been set as a norm, all goes well for the organization and workflow is smooth. However when activities are not performed like this and limitations are crossed the repercussions are deadly (Wills, Globerman, & Booth, 1986). The unauthorized copying of computer software poses a significant threat to the computer industry. Despite progress being made in recent years to reduce software piracy the computer industry continues to face staggering losses worldwide worth millions. Managers need to be up to date with all the privacy policies or any sort of changes that have been made to software that are regularly used so that the company does not have to face lethal legal implications if software related boundaries are breached. Most software companies take serious action and implement strict fines on those organizations which do not care abo ut the results and continue to indulge in software policy breach and due to the increase in managerial ignorance. In these matters many hardworking people have to face hard punishments because of the apathy of certain individuals. Managers need to ensure that all employees are fully aware of all software policies and in case anyone has any doubts they need to clear them out beforehand, so that if an irregular step is taken the trouble can be fixed before it escalates out of proportion (OECD, 2002). What Are the Opportunities of Software Piracy? In the cyber world that we know today, software piracy is a serious crime yet a huge portion of computer users still pirate computer software on a daily basis. This can sometimes be used to the advantage of various types of companies. The companies that deal with logo designs and graphical work need software that is quite expensive and difficult to attain. If pirated that software can be used for free without any worries at all and can increa se productivity ten folds, not saying that is the right thing to do, but since everyone is in it to save money one way or another, this certainly helps aid that cause (Honick, 2005). Now since the beginning of the internet and information becoming publicly available at such a fast pace, a pace that was never seen before, some people have debated time and time about all the information available on the internet to be available to people for free without any charge at all. Because of the single factor that knowledge should be free for all they stand hard and fast by their rules against corporations that sell their software and since they cannot win wars against them in the courts of law or cannot challenge these Goliath companies because they simply cannot afford to. They develop their own software’s which have the same or more features as compared to these big corporations. Some of these free software’s are the operating system called LINUX or Ubuntu and Open Office whi ch are replacements for Windows and Microsoft Word respectively. Even though all the software that Microsoft produces can be pirated and used without abundance, legal licenses have and must be obtained if these are to be used in a business and this is where piracy comes in handy (Khosrow-Pour, 2000). Outline Thesis: The Importance for Managers to Be Aware Of Software Policies a. Managers should be

Race Relations (Black and White) on the Homefront during World WarII Research Paper

Race Relations (Black and White) on the Homefront during World WarII - Research Paper Example Race, racism and race relations have thus been a complicated issue in the history of the United States. This is drawn from the strange institution that slavery created all the way into the civil rights movement in the 1960s. Even during the time America was supposed to be joined as one, in the World War 2, these scarred relations still popped their head, not only abroad on the battle fields but also back home at the home front (Parsons, & O’Brien, 9). One significant factor during the Second World War on the Home front was the Fair Employment Practices (FEPC) implemented in the United States by the US Executive Order number 8802. This required companies with contracts from the government not to discriminate on the basis of religion or race. It was a move intended to help Mostly African Americans, but other minorities to obtain jobs in the home front industry. It was signed by President Roosevelt and stated that there was not supposed to be discrimination in the employment of w orkers in the government or the defense industry based on their race, or creed or color, or the nation from which they draw their ancestry. This order led to numerous strikes and challenges from irate white workers who so it as an infringement on their rights (Garfinkel, 37). African Americans It was later greatly enhanced by another order. Considered one of the most significant breakthroughs for Blacks and women on the job front, it also facilitated great industry in the country at the home front during the war. It was about the same time that the African American Community established the Double V Campaign. It was a campaign based not only on the war on fascism overseas during the war, but also on racism too at home. There was a large number of mostly poor Southerners who moved to munitions centers for the recruitment process. The tension that was at these centers was very high. Cities like Detroit, Chicago and Harlem were mostly the focal points of this tension. In 1943, they exp erienced very violent race riots. It was at this time that the Pittsburgh Courier came up with the Double V Campaign (Wynn, 60). The gist of the problem back home was mostly based on the complaints by the soldiers at war overseas that they were being treated as second class citizens even during wartime. The Detroit Race riots that broke out in Detroit, Michigan in 1943 took about three days before troops could return order. It was majorly a riot between blacks and whites and caused a lot of destruction. During around this time, the World War II was still on, and tension between blacks and whites in this city had escalated to very high levels. It is ironical that at such times, patriotism is usually said to be at the highest of levels. Since the war began, the populations of the city had gradually grown as a result of the booming defense industries intended to supply the resources for the war at the home front. A lot of African Americans arrived, mostly from the South (Capeci, & Wilk erson, 47). The riots were started by an innocent fight between a black man and a white man. It became a brawl that involved several groups of black men and white men that spilled over to the rest of the city. This confrontation started from a rumor that a black woman had been assaulted by a white man, whereas there was another rumor that stated it was a white woman who had been raped and killed by a black man. Either

Development of Research Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Development of Research Questions - Essay Example This study has therefore posed a broad based primary research question as follows: In order to arrive at meaningful answers to this research question, a qualitative questionnaire survey approach is proposed. This method of inquiry appears to be best suited to answer the main research question posed above, because such a questionnaire directed towards former juvenile prison inmates would help to elicit their first hand views on the nature of the prison programs. Since the questionnaire would also seek to determine what the former inmates are engaged in presently, it would also help in providing some insight into how many of them have been able to move into a gainful existence in terms of employment or education. This would also provide a means of inferring whether the prison programs those former inmates experienced were effective or not. If the survey questionnaire is to function effectively in answering the research question, it must also contain questions that can elicit information on some other aspects. Firstly, the questionnaire must contain demographic information, such as the age and sex of the respondent, as well as their current occupation and education levels. Secondly, the questionnaire should also seek to determine whether these former juvenile inmates have committed crimes after their release from prison. Thirdly, the questionnaire should also attempt to determine why they chose to offend again, if they had pursued that path. Research has suggested that while the experience of incarceration does place juvenile inmates into a position of readiness to accept positive changes and modify their conduct, prison fails to provide these inmates with the skills they need to bring about these changes (Ashker & Kenny, 2008). Their opinions and views of the prison programs will have to be determined, to arrive at in ferences about whether or not they found these

Hamlet's feigned madness and Ophelia's real madness Essay

Hamlet's feigned madness and Ophelia's real madness - Essay Example Hamlet displays a number of weird behaviors during the play. He defies the ghost orders of killing Claudius for a number of reasons (1.1.12). According to the Roman and Greek revenge tragedies, it is unusual to kill a king and spare the queen. Hamlet does not have enough anger in him to revenge for murder, but he angers it with enough compassion to spare his mother’s incest actions. He delays inflicting and suffering death because posing on death’s edge guides him to a sequence of highly illuminating insights and moments that he shares with the audience. Hamlet wants to be sure that Claudius is completely guilty before he decides to revenge his father’s death. He unfortunately gets proof that happens to be a trap (1.5.40). Claudius arrest Hamlet and takes him out of the country. When Hamlet finally decides to commit the act, he ends up killing the wrong man by the name Polonius (4.1). It is significant to note that Hamlet is particularly discontented and melancho ly with Denmark’s state of affairs and in his family. He feels betrayed and disappointed that his mother married his uncle so early after his father dies. His words, when talking about his mother, frequently indicate his distrust of and repulsion with women generally. During various scenes in the play, he considers dying and contemplates suicide. Nevertheless, regardless of all of the things with which Hamlet admits dissatisfaction, it is noteworthy that he should think about these issues only in philosophical and personal terms. The madness that Hamlet displays starts as anguish for his father’s death. Out of distress, he wishes that his flesh would melt and turn into dew. He undergoes many emotions when his mother chooses to marry Claudius,... The paper tells that the difference between Hamlet and other plays about revenge is that, in Hamlet the viewer never sees the revenge happening. The play does not show the audience the expected; rather it continually postpones the revenge of Hamlet. The delay is because Hamlet attempts to gain more certain knowledge concerning what he is doing. In Hamlet, certainty together with emotions, psychology and ethics affect actions. Hamlet himself seems to doubt the notion that it is probable act in a purposeful and controlled way. He prefers to act violently, blindly and recklessly when he chooses to do so. The argument is whether Hamlet is truly mad or just acting. Hamlet’s madness is among the various unanswered questions that the play raises, an impossible mystery. All the same, the intricacy and sheer uncertainty of Hamlet's mental state and inconsistent behavior is undeniable and appears to speak to the overall doubt and uncertainty atmosphere of the play. The clear descent of Ophelia into madness, and later drowning, is fairly of a dissimilar issue. Critics agree that Ophelia goes mad due to the constant abuse from Hamlet. She cracks under the burden of patriarchal forces that has significant implications for the portrayal of sex and gender in the play. It is not a mistake that it is impossible for the audience to know the real mental state of Hamlet. The uncertainty of the audience reflects the common doubt and ambiguity that characterizes the whole play.